A New Reformation?

The Gutenberg Bible
The Gutenberg Bible
I’m still reading Jacques Barzun’s book “From Dawn to Decadence: 1500 to the Present”. It’s the last of the 27 books John Taylor Gatto recommended reading (at the end of his “Underground History of American Education”) to give the reader a better sense of the historic context in which the American education system developed. His premise is to do a post mortem on the “Modern Era” which he says began around 1500 with the decay of medieval culture and the revolutionary impact of the Protestant Reformation, and has presumably now ended as we transitioning into a new era.

So now with the dawn of what many people call the “Information Age”, the argument is made that the Modern Era is coming to a close. Sited as evidence, is that many of the institutions of the Modern Era developed in a bygone age of mechanization and standardization, are no longer effective ways of organizing our means of production, means of education, etc.

Barzun paints a portrait of the profound changes during the Reformation. Of the revolutionary technology of printing, which made it possible for many people, for the first time in history, to own a book (the Bible) and learn to read it themselves. Prior to the invention of printing, Bibles were hand-written, mostly by monks, controlled by the Church, and interpreted by priests, who instructed the common folk on the Bible’s wisdom. The printing press also allowed many new voices, like the reluctant iconoclast Martin Luther, to broadcast their ideas for the first time in history quickly and widely to a mass audience through printed pamphlets and fliers. I suppose you could call them the bloggers of their era…*g*

Luther put forward a simple idea whose time had come. It was an idea that resonated throughout Europe with the growing sense of dis-ease at the hierarchical command and control institution of the Roman Church. It was an idea that galvanized the fledgling sense of individualism and liberty. Simply put, Luther’s idea was that with your own printed Bible, you have your own direct access to the information (the word of God) critical for your salvation. You no longer needed the massive institution of the Church to instruct you in what the Bible says and thus guide you through life. You can read it for yourself and chart your own course. As Barzun puts it, you can “Be your own priest.” Hmmm… any contemporary parallels?

So move forward five hundred years, to the end of the 20th Century, perhaps the end of the Modern Era. Is the development of the Internet just as revolutionary a technology to begin a new era as printing was in 1500? Mass movements, later mass production and the grand social-engineering that went with it have marked the Modern Era. Is our massive, hierarchical, command and control education system (the ubiquitous K-12) spawned by these forces the Modern equivalent of the Medieval Church? I think maybe it is, for teachers (like the Medieval priests) have been asked to interpret the world for our youth through mandatory instruction.

So is the Internet, like the printed Bible before it, the tool to give people (including our youth) direct access to the knowledge they need for their education, success, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness? Can we paraphrase Luther and say, “Student… Teach yourself”? Can teachers now transition from being the keepers and instructors of the important knowledge to being (when requested) the facilitators of our youth seeking their own knowledge?

Important questions I think. Questions I am struggling to answer and would like to hear how you attempt to answer as well. Questions that need to be discussed a lot more I believe.

One reply

  1. Quite honestly, I think what good, effective teachers do is to teach students how to process information in the form of critical thinking. Being in the position I am as said teacher, I realize that most of my students don’t have fully developed critical thinking skills. The Internet can be a great tool, but because it is so vast and contains so much information, it becomes overwhelming. It also is difficult for many people – not just students – to sort out what is good and bad information.

    I encourage my students to question everything they read and hear. Whose perspective are they getting? Does s/he have an agenda and what is it? I even encourage them to question me. I tell them at the beginning of the semester that I am but one voice out of many and what I say is not the “gospel truth”. Their textbooks are not their Bibles. Religious speak, yes, I know, but it gets the point across.

    In a theoretical way, I am a postmodern structuralist meaning that one cannot read anything in and of itself and claim to understand the entire idea. This can come in the form of a work of art or in a text. By continually questioning what messages we receive on a daily, even hourly basis, is the way to a more complete understanding, maybe even having a more complete education in the ways of the world. The world may not always be pretty, but it’s at least more honest by this approach. More than anything, this is what I hope my students get from my classes and are better prepared to face our Information Age.

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